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話すための医療系英語のススメ

医療に従事する方々に少しでも英語に興味を持っていただきたく始めました。楽しく覚えて明日から使える英語です。

2015年9月24日木曜日

自律神経のための医学英語 医療系英語 Autonomic nervous system (No.5)


Autonomic nervous systemのNo.5です。短文です。解答は一番下にありますので頑張ってチャレンジしてみてください。ためになりましたらシェアお願いします。


1. Which structure does produce acetylcholine?
A. Ligand
B. Neuron
C. Receptor
D. Epinephrine


2. Now when you see a neuron that produces acetylcholine or you’re looking at a receptor that acetylcholine binds to, we use the term (             ) for that so you’ll see cholinergic neuron, right, that just means a neurons releases acetylcholine.

A.Cholinergic
B.Adrenergic
C.Acetylcholine
D.Chronic

3. Epinephrine is also called as 
A. Adrenaline
B. Noradrenaline
C. Acetylcholiine
D. Choline




========================================================
1. B
2. A
3. A



Script===================================
Now when you see a neuron that produces acetylcholine or you’re looking at a receptor that acetylcholine binds to, we use the term cholinergic for that so you’ll see cholinergic neuron, right, that just means a neurons releases acetylcholine.
We also have the ligands epinephrine and norepinephrine, and those used to be called adrenaline and noradrenaline, and that’s where we get this term adrenergic.
Let’s start with acetylcholine, so here’s the actual structure of what it looks like, and we’re going to look at the receptors that acetylcholine can bind to.

自律神経のための医学英語 Autonomic nervous system (No.4)

Autonomic nervous systemのNo.4です。短文です。解答は一番下にありますので頑張ってチャレンジしてみてください。ためになりましたらシェアお願いします。

==============================================================

1.The molecules will be received by
A.Effectors
B.Tissues
C.Receptors
D.Blood

2.Which structure has function receiving messages and binds to receptors?
A.Blood
B.Transduction
C.Receptor
D.Ligand

3. “These molecules will be received by receptors on target tissues, and the transmission of a signal across a space like this whether it’s a ( ) or through the blood,”

A.Transduction
B.Synapse
C.Triceps
D.Sinus

4.Acetylcholine is a
A. Receptor
B. Transduction
C. Synaps
D. Ligand





========================================================
1. C
2. D
3. B
4. D

Script====================================================
These molecules will be received by receptors on target tissues, and the transmission of a signal across a space like this whether it’s a synapse or through the blood, we refer to that as signal transduction. If you recall my video on signal transduction, what determines the meaning of a message is the ligand and the receptor that the ligand binds to. This really is the key to understanding the autonomic nervous system. So we’re going to be looking at the ligands including acetylcholine.

2015年9月23日水曜日

Autonomic nervous system No.3 自律神経 医学英語 交感神経

Autonomic nervous systemのNo.3です。少し長めです。解答は一番下にありますので頑張ってチャレンジしてみてください。ためになりましたらシェアお願いします。


(Autonomic nervous system No.3)

1. How many categories do efferent pathways have?
A one
B two
C three
D four
2.Which pathways will be involved as efferent pathways according to this paragraph?

A somatic motor pathway and autonomic motor pathway
B peripheral pathway and somatic motor pathway
C sympathetic pathway and parasympathetic pathway
D somatosensory pathway and somatomotor pathway

3.“The rest of your motor pathways are autonomic motor, and those innervate ( ) effectors and ..........’

A visceral
B viscus
C vessel
D vesicle

4.“So the players in this story, the parts if you will, we’ve got ( A ) and cell bodies, and then emanating from those we have ( B ).”
A
1. dentate nucleus
2. dentist
3. dedicated
4. dendrites

B
1. axis
2. axon
3. ax
4. ox




1.Two
2.A
3.A
4. A: 4, B: 2
Script=====================================
So there are two different categories of efferent pathways. We have the somatic motor neurons and those innervate skeletal muscle, the muscle that you voluntarily move. The rest of your motor pathways are autonomic motor, and those innervate visceral effectors and these are the ones that give students a really hard time and those are the ones we’re going to be focusing on. So the players in this story, the parts if you will, we’ve got dendrites and cell bodies, and then emanating from those we have axons. At the end of the axon, we have the axon terminal this should be a review for everyone. The axon terminal releases molecules. We refer to these as neurocrines. Most commonly they are neurotransmitters, but neurocrine is a more general term and we’ll also include things like neurohormones, which are released into the blood.

2015年9月22日火曜日

Autonomic nervous system No.2 自律神経 医学英語

Autonomic nervous systemのNo.2です。今回も短いですのでがんばって解答してみてください。解答は一番下にあります。ためになったらシェアお願いします。
=================






チャレンジ!!!
1. The “periphery” is equivalent to
 
 
A Central nervous system
B Autonomic nervous system
C Peripheral nervous system
D Somatic motor nervous system
 
 
2. The peripheral nervous system brings information from the periphery into
 
A brain and periphery
B brain and interneurons
C interneurons and spinal cord
D brain and spinal cord
 
 
 
3.(   )に入る適切な単語を選んでください
 
“Then coming out from the CNS back to the periphery, we have what we call the motor or (     ) pathway.”
A afferent
B efferent
C different
D efficient
 
 
 
4. Prof explained that the word afferent pathway is same as
 
A motor pathway
B sensory pathway
C autonomic pathway
D dorsal column
 
 




 


 
解答
1.C
2.D
3.B
4.B
 
========Script============
So here’s the overall view.
We’ve got the periphery. We’ve got the peripheral nervous system, which brings information from the periphery into the brain and the spinal cord. This happens via a pathway we refer to as the afferent or sensory pathway. Within the brain and spinal cord, we have interneurons that lie entirely within the CNS. Then coming out from the CNS back to the periphery, we have what we call the motor or efferent pathway. That’s actually what we’re going to be looking at today.

2015年9月21日月曜日

Autonomic Nervous System No.1

Penguin Profらの御厚意により、医学英語をNativeの発音で聞いていただくことが可能となりました。
 
では30秒ほどのVideoを見て、以下の質問に回答してみましょう。

 
(解答は下にあります)
 
 
問題
 
1. What does prof mention about the coverage of this topics?
 
A. Huge
B. Tremendous
C. Extreme
D. Extraordinary
 
 
2. "Succinct" means
A. Complicated
B. Difficult
C. Concise
D. Wordy
 
 
3. "Ion" means
A. イオン
B. 原子
C. 電子
D. 水素
 
 
4. 次に入る単語を選んでください。
"Why ions want to move in the direction they do, and the magical world of signal ( ). "
A. Transmission
B. Transport
C. Transduction
D. Transportation
 
 
5. What does it mean by "singnal transduction "?
A. シグナル運動
B. シグナル電位
C. シグナル分子
D. シグナル伝達
 
 
6. In summary, what topics is prof going to tell you in the next paragraphs?
A. Central nervous system
B. Peripheral nervous system
C. Autonomic nervous system
D. Motor nervous system




解答
1.B
2.C
3.A
4.C
5.C

===============================
Script
The Autonomic Nervous System
 
Hello and welcome to the Penguin Prof Channel!
In today’s video, I’m going to talk about the autonomic nervous system.
Students look at this. Holy s**t!
This looks awful. We are going to do this Penguin Prof style.
You want to stay tuned because we are going to cover a tremendous amount of stuff in a succinct and dare I say fun way. If you find these videos helpful, take a second, click those buttons. It makes a big difference.
Information I am assuming today some basics about neuron function, why ions want to move in the direction they do, and the magical world of signal transduction. If these are not familiar to you, go ahead check those out first.

2015年9月19日土曜日

酸素oxygen 二酸化炭素 Carbon dioxide その他の栄養物質 other nutrients

逆から覚える医学英語
では始めましょう。
=====================
They are the smallest of a body's blood vessels that make up the microcirculation.
=====================
いきなり答えに近づきましたね。
Microcirculation;微細循環
を形成make up しているようです。
ということはどうやら循環器系のことについて話しているようです。
つぎに行きましょう。
These microvessels, measuring around 5 to 10 micrometres(µm) in diameter.
They connect arterioles and venules, and they help to enable the exchange of water, oxygen, carbon dioxide, and many other nutrients and waste substances between the blood and the tissues surrounding them.
少しむずかしい単語が並んだかもしれません。
microvesselなんだそうです。もう答えそのものなのですが、日本語で思い浮かびましたでしょうか。
enable it to ~は
「可能にする」と訳せますね。
この構造があるおかげで、
酸素oxygen
二酸化炭素 Carbon dioxide
その他の栄養物質 other nutrients
などを
blood 血液とtissues組織間で交換することが可能となるのですね。
もうわかりましたね。
正解は
「毛細血管」でした。
では英語でどう言えばいいでしょうか。
英語では
Capillary vesselsですね
Capillariesでも結構です。どちらも使用されます。
ですから
"What is capillary vessel?"
と聞かれたら
" Capillaries are vessels where......."
と上に書いてあることをまとめればよいだけですね。
最後までありがとうございました。